Bulletin of Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University. Series «Psychological sciences»

Титул і зміст Вісника.

2025-01-13T09:32:32+02:00

«Вісник Донецького національного університету імені Василя Стуса. Серія психологічні науки» – це збірник наукових праць, у якому висвітлено результати теоретичних та емпіричних досліджень актуальних проблем психології.

Макет Вісника в повному форматі

2025-01-13T09:34:53+02:00

Psychosemantic analysis of imagination about professionin context the motivation to learn in future psychologist

2025-01-13T09:46:20+02:00

In the article we’ve analyzed the educational motivation of future specialists in psychology. We’ve described psychosemantic base of investigations. The theoretical analysis of classical views in psychosemantic has been carried out in this investigation. It’s known, that imaginations are main components of consciousness. As the result, the theoretical analysis we made hypothesis that imaginations of consciousness are determining in formation of educational motivation of future psychologists. We have realized empirical analysis of associations with using colors to prove the hypothesis that students with different professional motivation prefer different color in the test. It was established that basic associations underlined student’s imaginations about their future profession. We‘ve used classical psychosemantic methods (semantic differential, associative test) for investigation. The relationship between material and spiritual values was identified in our investigation. The students don’t strive for the advanced role and career. The interest in a future profession prevails over other motives and salary. The altruistic motivation is more pronounced than tendency to find an interesting job. The students are interested in liking their future profession. The motives of professional and self-development and general values are very important. The motives of self-affirmation and self-realization have a high level too. The self-realization is manifested in context of help people. The imaginations about psychology are associated with calm and confidence. The session makes an anxiety and strain in students. It has the highest level of negative perception compared to other indicators. The students tend self-realization, harmony, positive emotions, spiritual development and other positive things.

The problem of determining personal professional resourcefulness in the psychological scientific paradigm

2025-01-13T09:53:42+02:00

Globalization processes, technologization, and computerization of production are leading to fundamental changes in the employment system and workforce sustainability, increasing the demands on young professionals, and heightening competition in the labour market. In Ukraine, these processes have been significantly impacted over the last three years by russia’s full-scale military aggression, which has caused a massive outflow of promising young specialists and experienced professionals abroad. This has led to an imbalance between job vacancies and potential workers. Additionally, the country's economic problems are negatively affecting the balance between the availability of decent wages and the ambitions and expectations of young professionals. All of these trends highlight the need to develop a concept of professional resourcefulness, which requires defining the content and essence of this proposed concept.
An analysis of scientific papers over the last ten years on the issues of professional formation, development, and self-actualization shows that researchers predominantly use the terms "personal" and/or "psychological resourcefulness" to study the specifics of the resource support for these processes. In our view, this specialized field of psychological scientific knowledge (labour psychology, career counselling, psychology of professional development) requires the introduction of a more precise term that better reflects the specifics of the professional resources (both internal and external) used in various professional activities. In this paper, we attempt to define the concept of "professional resourcefulness," justify its specialization and importance for psychological scientific discourse, and lay the groundwork for further development of the concept of the structure of this phenomenon.

Features of the application of psychological rehabilitation in oncology

2025-01-13T10:25:39+02:00

The article is devoted to the problems of applying psychological rehabilitation measures for cancer patients. Cancer is one of the most dangerous and deadly types of diseases that cause significant changes in the psychology of patients. These changes, in turn, negatively affect their communication with loved ones and contribute to their displacement from the usual social environment and often lead to the loss of a place in significant social microgroups. Recent studies have paid increasing attention to the influence of the social environment on recovery and further support of the quality of life and adaptation of cancer patients to ordinary life. This adaptation is two-sided: changes in the mental state of the cancer patient and the influence of the social reference environment significant for him, which provides him with feedback in the process of personality development. Taking into account the context of the loss of some of such connections during the course of the disease, the stigmatization of cancer, the complexity of social adaptation and readaptation, a significant role in the recovery of patients lies in the field of psychological rehabilitation. Such rehabilitation should include both assistance in coping with mental disorders provoked by the disease, and strategies for psychological adaptation to the experience of the disease and the treatment process, as well as effective tools for readaptation to the social environment, restoration of connections, creation of new desirable social groups, and recreation of opportunities for further life development of the individual after the disease and even during the disease process. The problem of stigmatization of oncology (cancerophobia), rejection of patients in a difficult economic and social environment that accompanies a large-scale armed invasion and other similar problems, a decisive role in psychological rehabilitation can be assigned to deeper work with patients and preparing them to cope with the full range of difficulties that they encounter primarily in the social environment.

Integrating telematics and targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of chronic stress on physiological aging

2025-01-13T10:31:22+02:00

Chronic stress is a pervasive and insidious phenomenon that has far-reaching consequences for our overall health and well-being. The body's response to stress can have a profound impact on our physiological aging process, leading to a range of negative health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and cognitive decline. As the global population ages, it is essential to understand the complex relationships between chronic stress, biomarkers, and aging to develop effective strategies for promoting healthy aging. Biomarkers are biological indicators that can be used to measure the effects of chronic stress on the body. These biomarkers can be categorized into three main groups: cortisol, inflammatory markers, and telomere length. Cortisol is a hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to stress, which can have negative effects on the body if chronically elevated. Inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), are released in response to inflammation, which can be triggered by chronic stress. Telomere length is a measure of cellular aging, with shorter telomeres indicating accelerated aging. Several interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing the effects of chronic stress on physiological aging. Lifestyle changes, such as exercise, meditation, and yoga, can help reduce stress levels and promote relaxation. Psychological therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help individuals develop coping strategies for managing stress. Pharmacological methods, such as beta-blockers and anxiolytics, can also be used to reduce stress levels. Telematics is the use of technology to track and monitor health outcomes in real-time. This can be particularly useful for tracking stress levels and health outcomes, allowing for personalized interventions to be tailored to an individual's specific needs. Telematics can also be used to monitor adherence to interventions, providing valuable insights into the effectiveness of treatment. Chronic stress is a pervasive and insidious phenomenon that has far-reaching consequences for our overall health and well-being. Addressing chronic stress with targeted interventions, supported by telematics, can potentially slow aging and enhance overall health. However, further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these relationships and to develop effective stress management strategies for diverse populations, particularly by integrating telematics in health monitoring and intervention delivery.

The impact of war on the state of psychological health of business organization employees

2025-01-13T10:48:07+02:00

The article considers the concept of psychological health of business organization personnel, the criteria for its preservation in war conditions, the risks that threaten the psychological health of business employees. The results of an empirical study of the features of the manifestation of psychological health in business employees of different regions of Ukraine, depending on the proximity of the location to the combat zone, are presented.
Employees of medium and small business organizations, 73 men and women aged 25 to 45, participated in the study. The research used the following methods: «Positive mental health scale (PMH-SCALE)» (J. Lukat, J. Margraf, R. Lutz, W.M. Van Der Veld, & E.S. Becker) (adaptation of L M. Karamushki, O. V. Kredentser, K. V. Tereshchenko); «The mental health continuum - short form» (K. KIZ) (adaptation by E. L. Nosenko, A. G. Chetveryk-Burchak); «The modified BBC subjective well-being scale (BBC-SWB)» (P. Pontin, M. Schwannauer, S. Tai, & M. Kinderman) (adapted by L. M. Karamushka, K. V. Tereshchenko, O. V. Credentser); «Scale of negative impact of work» (D. Watson) (adapted by S. D. Maksimenko, O. M. Kokun, E. V. Topolov); «Index of organizational tension» (R.L. Kahn and others) (modified by L.M. Karamushka, K.V. Tereshchenko); «How is your organization developing?» (V. Siegert, L. Lang) (modified by L. M. Karamushka); «Individual model of psychological health» (IMPZ), developed by A. V. Kozlov; mathematical and statistical methods: Student's t-test, Fisher's φ-test. A comparative analysis of the psychological health of employees of business organizations living in regions of Ukraine with different levels of safety showed that employees who live and work in dangerous cities have a lower level of mental health, psychological well-being, ability to overcome difficulties, efficiency and productivity of life activities, instability of mental states, feel the negative impact of work more than workers from conditionally safe regions of Ukraine. Professionals who are in a relatively calm, stable environment care about the future of their own careers, have certain demands for promotion, etc. Residents of combat zones do not pay attention to these problems. For them, the problems associated with preserving physical health and even life are more relevant.

Gender features of color perception

2025-01-13T10:55:38+02:00

The article examines the psychophysiological aspects of color perception. It was found that color perception is a complex psychophysiological process that depends on numerous factors, including biological characteristics, sociocultural context and individual experience.
Research into gender differences in color perception is a relatively new area of research, but the results obtained already indicate that men and women may have different color preferences, associations and emotional reactions to colors. Gender-based differences in color perception are influenced by biological factors, such as hormone levels and retinal structure, as well as sociocultural factors, such as stereotypes, expectations, and cultural norms.
Gender differences in color perception are not absolute and can change over time under the influence of various factors. In addition, there are men and women who do not fit these stereotypes or show the opposite result from the majority of respondents in research.
Research on gender differences in color perception has practical importance for various fields, such as design, marketing, and psychology. Understanding gender differences in color perception can help designers create products and spaces that are more attractive to men and women. Marketers can use knowledge of gender differences in color perception to develop more effective marketing campaigns that are better perceived by their target audience. Psychologists can use knowledge about gender differences in color perception to develop more effective methods of psychotherapy and counseling (in particular, art therapy, color therapy, etc.).
Studying gender differences in color perception helps to better understand how men and women perceive the world, how they process information and make decisions, what similarities or contradictions exist in the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the connection between gender and color. How upbringing, in particular, its gender aspects, affect the peculiarities of color perception and their place in the lives of people with different gender identities.

The use of the eastern Tai Chi Chuan health system in the rehabilitation patients with psychosomatic disorders

2025-01-13T11:17:52+02:00

The article is dedicated to the psychosomatic disorders in women and their remedies. The article deals with the paradigm of body-oriented therapy of famous scientists of the world, in view of which the eastern health system of Tai Chi Chuan was used as rehabilitation. The purpose of the work was to confirm the positive impact of Chinese gymnastics Tai Chi Chuan on psychophysiological features of the body and reduction of psychosomatic disorders. Materials and methods. The experimental study involved 84 women with psychosomatic disorders aged 20 to 50 years. The following research methods were used: clinical, experimental-psychological, statistical. Results. The results of the study showed that, among women with psychosomatic disorders persons with dominance of the right cerebral hemisphere were predominate. The second place was occupied by women with a harmonious interaction of the cerebral hemispheres and the smallest weight was group of women dominated by the left cerebral hemisphere. Psychosomatic disorders in women are more likely to develop in individuals with right-brain dominance. They are characterized by a predominance in the psychological profile of personality traits inherent in the «neurotic triad» (supercontrol, depression, emotional lability). The use of the eastern Tai Chi Chuan health system results in a rather rapid harmonization of the cerebral hemispheres, a decrease in neurotic triad scales, and a reduction in neurotic and psychosomatic symptoms. Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that psychosomatic disorders can be promote by the dominance of the right cerebral hemisphere and character traits inherent in the «neurotic triad». The use of the eastern Tai Chi Chuan health system in the treatment of psychosomatic disorders leads to the harmonization of the cerebral hemispheres and the reduction of neurotic and psychosomatic symptoms.

Psychological resilience of young people in the context of military aggression

2025-01-13T11:33:43+02:00

The article discusses the concept of psychological resilience of young people in the context of military aggression. The study of psychological resilience of young people in war is critical to understanding how young people can adapt to difficulties and recover from trauma. In times of war, it is important not only to restore infrastructure, but also to support the younger generation that will shape the future The purpose of the study was to theorize and investigate the individual psychological resources of youth resilience during military aggression. In order to study the individual psychological resources of youth resilience, the following methods were used: The following methods were used in the study: S. Muddy's “Test of Resilience”, the multi-level personality questionnaire “Adaptability”, the PSM-2 psychological stress scale, the BASIC Ph.The study of the relationship between psychological stress and stress coping showed positive correlations between high levels of psychological stress and emotions, social ties and physical activity, indicating their role as stress coping strategies. The negative correlation between stress and cognitive functioning emphasizes that better cognitive abilities contribute to more effective adaptation to stress. Thus, strong faith, good social connections, developed imagination, and physical activity can reduce stress and improve psychological well-being. The results of the study indicate the importance of developing resilience and social support as a means of reducing stress among young people, which can have a positive impact on their learning and overall well-being. In general, the results of the study emphasize the need to support young people in developing adaptive mechanisms, improving mental resilience, and forming positive social norms to improve their integration into society.

Emotional exhaust and fatigue during war

2025-01-13T11:42:03+02:00

The article is devoted to the topical topic of the psycho-emotional state of Ukrainians during the war. The impact of war on the emotional sphere of the personality is characterized. Based on theoretical analysis, it was established that the majority of Ukrainians experience emotional exhaustion and fatigue from war. Emotional exhaustion is defined as a state of emotional devastation, apathy and loss of physical, emotional and energy resources under the influence of war. Signs of emotional exhaustion of the personality during the war are identified: apathy, irritability, emotional swings and pessimistic mood; decreased intellectual productivity; the appearance of health problems, such as impaired vision, headache, back pain, etc. The following persons are included in the risk group: vulnerable people who react emotionally to events; empathetic individuals; people whose professional activities are closely related to events: police, State Emergency Service, military, journalists, diplomats, doctors, psychologists, volunteers, etc.; people who do not adhere to information hygiene. It was found that the causes of emotional exhaustion are as follows: fatigue from compassion, empathy, intense communication, constant memories, watching the news and excessive use of social networks. In order to prevent and overcome emotional exhaustion, recommendations were proposed: hygiene of the use of information resources, limiting the time spent on social networks, dosed communication with others, communication with family and friends, physical activity, adherence to the daily routine, healthy sleep and nutrition and the use of special exercises and techniques to determine the loss and acquisition of resources.

Psychological awareness of military family members as a factor of their effective reintegration in civilian life

2025-01-13T12:13:09+02:00

The article attention is paid to psychological awareness of members of military personnel families as a factor of their successful reintegration into civilian life.
The family is considered a powerful resource of assistance in the process of returning the soldier to the conditions of peaceful life, which provides the war veteran with the necessary support in the process of overcoming the complex consequences of the war.
Psychological awareness is defined as consciousness and understanding of one's own psychological state, emotions, thoughts and behavior, as well as the ability to recognize these same aspects in other people, includes the ability to analyze their inner experiences, recognize the influence of external factors on your emotional state, and also understand how our reactions can affect others. The paper deals with components of psychological awareness to the point: cognitive, emotional and behavioral components.
In response to empirical research, it was established that most members of military families are characterized by a competent communication style, the ability to show empathy and understanding to others, the ability to clearly recognize and correctly interpret the emotions and feelings of others, which will make it possible to see the reactions of other people and properly adapt their behavior, the availability of skills for constructive conflict resolution, namely, to effectively manage your emotions during the occurrence and course of conflicts, not to succumb to manifestations of aggression or attempts to avoid, the ability to maintain a positive influence on family members and others, to create a positive emotional climate. Family members of servicemen demonstrate constructive coping strategies in difficult life situations, in particular, an active solution to the problem, a search for social support and a positive reassessment of events. According to the results of the survey, it was found that most members of military families are characterized by an average level of psychological awareness. A program was developed and implemented to increase the level of psychological awareness of members of military families, which included 8 modules aimed at various components of psychological awareness.